Muhammad's farewell sermon included the following: "All mankind is from Adam and Eve, an Arab has no
superiority over a non-Arab nor a non-Arab has any superiori over an Arab; also a white has no superiority
over black nor a black has any superiority over white except by piety and good action. Learn that every Muslim
is a brother to every Muslim and that the Muslims constitute one brotherhood." What common misconceptions
about Islam does this excerpt challenge?

This passage breaks down the prejudice that Muslims don't like those who are not Muslim and think that they are the greatest religion. It also breaks down the animosity that Islam teaches inequality and discrimination.

This prejudice and misconception are rather present today, but we can see it is not valid at all.

Islam is not the religion of hate nor the one that thinks of itself as better than others. It sees all people as equal, it does not pose any ideas of racism or superiority. Islam preaches people are equal and that they should be united. In Islam, it's only good actions and thoughts that can separate people.