The action can speed up the rate of a chemical reaction is breaking a reactant into smaller pieces.
Rate of a chemical reaction tells about the duration of time at which reaction complete.
Rate of reaction is also define as the rate of change of concentration of reactant with respect to the time. So, concentration of reactant is directly proportional to the rate of a reaction and wherever we increases the surface area of reactant rate increases as reactant will participate through large possible side. Catalyst also speeds up the reaction without being involved in it and high temperature also increases the kinetic energy of the reactant to do effective collision.
Hence, option (d) is correct i.e. breaking a reactant into smaller pieces increases the rate.
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