The two fundamental steps are how people make choices & how resources and scarcity affect the costs and benefits of choices.
Explanation:
Let us understand the term "Economics" first.
It deals with "production, distribution and consumption" of "goods and services".
The basic steps are
People make choices by
- seeing the price of the market for any given product,
- the benefits that they get out of it,
- the postponement of buying a product based on the availability of the product
- buying products based on future demands
- understanding that the cost depends purely on the "scarcity" of the product