When rocks stack up on each other burial metamorphism can occur
Rock is a naturally occurring mineral aggregate that is cohesive and composed of one or more minerals. These aggregates often take the shape of recognisable and mappable volumes and are the fundamental building block of the solid Earth. According to the processes that led to the development of a rock, it is typical to classify rocks into three primary categories. Three types of rocks fall into these categories: igneous rocks, which are made of molten rock known as magma; sedimentary rocks, which are made of pieces of older rocks or substances that have precipitated from solutions; and metamorphic rocks, which are created when either igneous or sedimentary rocks undergo conditions that alter their mineralogical composition, texture, or internal structure.
Igneous rocks are those that develop from magma, a molten mixture of minerals that form rocks as well as frequently volatile substances like gases and steam. Igneous rocks are created at high temperatures because the minerals that make up its components are crystallized from molten material. They come from processes occurring in the mid- to lower crust or the upper mantle, which are located between 50 and 200 kilometers (30 and 120 miles) below the surface of the planet.
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