Explanation:
The given reaction equation is as follows.
[tex]AlCl_{3} + Na \rightarrow NaCl + Al[/tex]
To balance this equation, we multiply Na by 3 on reactant side and NaCl by 3 also.
Thus, the balanced equation is as follows.
[tex]AlCl_{3} + 3Na \rightarrow 3NaCl + Al[/tex]
The oxidation and reduction reaction will be as follows.
Oxidation: [tex]3Na \rightarrow 3Na^{+} + 3e^{-}[/tex]
Reduction: [tex]Al^{3+} + 3e^{-} \rightarrow Al[/tex]
Thus, we can conclude that oxidation state of sodium changes from 0 to +1.