The thermostat is in contact with the furnace. The thermostat senses that the temperature is low so, it activates the furnace to increase the house temperature. Once the house is at the fixed temperature, the thermostat detects this and uses it as negative feedback to turn off the furnace.
Negative feedback is a system that uses one of its outputs to regulate itself, decreasing or stopping its effect.
The components of negative feedback are:
Stimulus: in this case is the decrease in temperature.
A sensor: in this case, it is the thermostat.
An integrating center: it is the furnace. It processes the thermostat signal and elaborates an answer, which is to work to increase the temperature.
Effector: it is the increase in the house's temperature. This is the signal that the thermostat detects and is responsible for turning off the furnace, producing negative feedback.
In conclusion, the thermostat is the one that regulates itself with the response that it produces; that is why it uses negative feedback.
Learn more about negative feedback here:
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