The correct answer is filtering. It is because some of the
employees are not open minded and are not open with their bosses by which
allows filtering occurs by which the individual are likely share only good news
with their boss and suppress the news that are considered be bad because of the
fact that they would want to appear competent to their bosses or to show
mistrust to their boss. In addition, they fear of what their boss may find out
about them, causing them to acquire punishment. Based on the scenario above,
this is what Miguel is doing as he didn’t inform his manager regarding the
problem.
