The Holy Roman Empire was "neither holy, nor Roman, nor an empire" because
a. The emperors were not crowned by the popes
b. The Byzantine emperors did not acknowledge the Holy Roman Empire
c. The people who lived there did not practice Christianity
d. It did not restore imperial unity to western Europe
Generally speaking, the Holy Roman Empire was "neither holy, nor Roman, nor an empire" because "d. It did not restore imperial unity to western Europe," which would generally be required of any powerful empire.
