Question

Write the condensed electron configurations for the ga atom. express your answer in condensed form in order of increasing orbital energy as a string without blank space between orbitals. for example, [he]2s22p2 should be entered as [he]2s^22p^2.

Answer 1

Gallium element with symbol Ga has an atomic number of 31.
Electrons start filling orbitals in increasing energy levels.
First energy shell contains the s orbital which can hold only 2 electrons.
Second energy shell contains a both p orbital and s orbital, p orbital can hold upto 6 electrons, so a total of 8 electrons in the 2nd shell.
Third energy shell contains s, p and d orbital. d orbital can hold upto 10 electrons, so the third shell can hold up to 18 electrons.
electronic configuration of Ga is 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 3d^10 4s^2 4p^1
we are asked to write in the condensed form, which means we have to write the noble gas with the nearest electronic configuration to Ga.
Noble gas with electronic configuration closest to Ga is argon with atomic number 18.
Ar  - 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 
Ga in condensed form - [Ar] 3d^10 4s^2 4p^1

Answer 2

The condensed electronic configuration of Ga in the increasing orbital energy as a string without blank space between orbitals is $\boxed{\left[{{\text{Ar}}}\right]\;3d\^104s\^24p\^1}$.

Further Explanation:

Electronic configuration:

It is the distribution of electrons of an atom in the atomic orbitals. The filling of electrons in different energy levels or orbitals is done in accordance with the following three rules.

1. Aufbau principle: It states that the electrons are filled in various orbitals in the increasing order of their energies as follows:

$1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f$

2. Hund’s rule: Electron pairing will not start until each orbital is singly occupied.

3. Pauli’s exclusion principle: According to this principle, all the four quantum numbers $\left( {n,\;l,\;{m_l},\;{m_s}} \right)$ for any two electrons can never be the same. In an orbital, the spin of two electrons has to be different. If one electron has the clockwise spin, the other would have the anticlockwise spin and vice-versa.

The condensed electronic configuration is a way to write the electronic configuration where the inner shell configurations are compressed to the nearest noble gas configuration and represent in a square bracket and only the valence shell configuration is written in the expanded form.

The atomic number of Ga is 31 so its electronic configuration is $1{s^2}2{s^2}2{p^6}3{s^2}3{p^6}3{d^{10}}4{s^2}4{p^1}$. The noble gas that is nearest to Ga is Ar with its configuration being $1{s^2}2{s^2}2{p^6}3{s^2}3{p^6}$. So the condensed electronic configuration of Ga becomes $\left[ {{\text{Ar}}} \right]\;3{d^{10}}4{s^2}4{p^1}$.

Therefore Ga is present as [Ar]3d^104s^24p^1 in the condensed form in order of increasing orbital energy as a string without blank space between the orbitals.

Learn more:

1. Determine the ion with configuration $\left[ {{\text{Ar}}} \right]\;3{d^2}$: https://brainly.com/question/7599542

2. Identification of element with electronic configuration $1{s^2}2{s^2}2{p^2}3{s^1}$: https://brainly.com/question/9616334

Answer details:

Grade: High School

Subject: Chemistry

Chapter: Electronic configuration of the elements

Keywords: electronic configuration, Ga, Ar, atomic number, 31, Aufbau principle, Pauli’s exclusion principle, Hund’s rule, noble gas, condensed form, distribution of electrons, [Ar]3d^104s^24p^1.