Question

If skeletal muscles work to the point of fatigue, the muscle cells may not have sufficient oxygen to carry out aerobic respiration. what processes do muscle cells use if oxygen is not available for aerobic respiration?

Answer 1

If skeletal muscles work to the point of fatigue wherein oxygen is depleted for aerobic respiration; the muscles will shunt its metabolism to anaerobic respiration. In both aerobic and anaerobic respiration, glycolysis happens which is the breakdown of glucose into pyruvate. Exclusively in aerobic respiration, the pyruvate will be further be metabolized to acetyl-CoA which will enter the tricarboxylic acid cycle to produce reducing compounds such as NADH and FADH. These oxidizing compounds are then reduced to NAD and FAD and eventually producing energy in the form of ATP. In anaerobic respiration, pyruvate will be further be converted to lactate. 

Both of which yield ATP, but aerobic respiration yields higher amounts of ATP then anaerobic respiration.

Answer 2

Aerobic respiration is the reaction of the breakdown of glucose compounds by requiring oxygen. There are 4 stages in doing aerobic respiration.

Further Explanation

In the process of glycolysis, the breakdown of sugar molecules into pyruvic acid compounds occurs in the cytoplasm. Furthermore, the oxidative decarboxylation process occurs in the mitochondria which convert pyruvic acid to acetyl Co-A. After that, the third stage occurs, namely the Krebs cycle in the mitochondria that produce oxaloacetate and citric acid. In the final stage, there is an electron transport in the membrane in the mitochondria which produces H2O and energy.

In contrast to aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration is a process of solving glucose that does not require oxygen. As for some organisms that can carry out anaerobic respiration: yeast, lactic acid bacteria, body muscles in humans. When compared to aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration produces only a small amount of ATP (energy). Anaerobic respiration process can be divided into 2, namely alcoholic fermentation and lactic acid fermentation.

The process of muscle regeneration is a process of self-repair from damaged and dead muscles due to trauma, nutritional deficiencies, the presence of certain clinical conditions on the muscles. If you exercise alone, in general, the muscle will take nutrients from the burning of glucose and fat in the body. So every time we eat, there will be reserves in the form of glucose or sugar, fat, and protein.

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Details

Grade: College

Subject: Biology

Keywords: aerobic, respiration, muscle