Question

Which cellular process enables different parts of the body to carry out special functions needed by the whole individual?
differentiation
reproduction
respiration
variation

Answer 1

The cellular process which you're asking about and which enabled us (and our different parts of the body to carry special functions that are needed by the whole individual) is differentiation. 

Differentiated cells are then able to exert their specialized functions in the organism. 

Answer 2

Answer: Differentiation

Explanation: The cell differentiation can be defined as the process by which the cells of the body gets differentiated into different kinds of the cells.

The stem cell on differentiation gets differentiated into different kinds of cells performing different functions.

Every cell of the body is employed to perform different function based on their location and need of the body.

Example: The pancreatic cells are employed in insulin production, the mitochondrial cells are employed for energy production.