Question

Shan is considered to be a first person narrator because he _____.

both tells the story and appears in it
tells a story about someone else
is the protagonist and, therefore, the "first" person
is the first person mentioned in the story

Answer 1

Shan is considered to be a first person narrator because he both tells the story and appears in it.
A first-person narrator would obviously use the first person pronoun (I) to refer to him/herself. So, the entire story is told from this person's point of view, using that particular pronoun. E.g. 'I saw him standing there...' is an example of a first person narration which Shan is an example of. If he were talking about someone else, it would be third-person narration. 

Answer 2

Answer:

both tells the story and appears in it

Explanation:

If a character is in 1st person, they will use pronouns as I, me, and so on. If he were to appear in the story AND talk about it, he is explaining what he did in the story, or telling you what is happening along the way.

If you were talking about someone else, you don't have to me in first person. You could simply be in 3rd person saying "Emma was walking to the store yesterday. James saw her as he went home after school." For an example in 1st person, "I saw Emma waklking to the store yesterday. This happened as I was going home from school."

You can be the protagonist and not be in 1st person. Think of the Harry Potter books. "Rowling wrote all seven Harry Potter books using a third person limited point of view that made Harry the focal point. The narrator can tell us what Harry's thinking, feeling, and seeing—as well as zoom out to tell us more about the precarious situations he finds himself in."

being mentioned as a first person cannot happen unless the person uses pronouns such as I, me, and more.