The structure of acetal produced by addition of alcohols to propanone is shown in the attached image.
Further Explanation:
Alcohols undergo addition with carbonyl groups and form hemiacetals and acetals. Reversible addition of alcohols to aldehydes and ketones yields hemiacetals, which on further addition of alcohols forms acetals. Acid catalyst should be present for this reaction to take place. This is necessary step to make alcohol good nucleophile. Water produced during this reaction should be removed with the help of molecular sieves.
Acetals are the derivatives of ketones or aldehydes that are produced by the reaction of two moles of alcohol with water being removed from the reaction. In formation of acetals, hemiacetals are formed as intermediates. Acetals are more stable as compared to hemiacetals.
Ethanol is an alcohol with two carbon atoms while propanone is ketone having three carbon atoms. So ethanol reacts with propanone in presence of acid catalyst to form acetal. (For reaction, refer to the attached image). Therefore structure of acetal formed by such a reaction is shown in the attached image.
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Answer Details:
Grade: Senior School
Subject: Chemistry
Chapter: Alcohols
Keywords: alcohol, acetal, hemiacetal, ketone, aldehyde, intermediates, derivatives, water, nucleophile, molecular sieves, carbonyl groups, reversible addition, ethanol, propanone, more stable, two carbon atoms, three carbon atoms.
