Question

Base your answers to questions 66 through 68 on the information below.
In the early 1800s, John Dalton proposed an atomic theory that was based on experimental observations made by several scientists. Three concepts of Dalton’s atomic theory are stated below.
Statement A: Atoms are indivisible and cannot be destroyed or broken down into smaller parts.
Statement B: Atoms of one element cannot be changed into atoms of another element.
Statement C: All atoms of one element have the same mass.
Explain, in terms of particles, why statement A is no longer accepted.

Answer 1

Atoms are divisible and can be broken down into smaller particles. We know these particles as protons, neutrons and electrons.

Answer 2

The statement 'atoms are indivisible and cannot be destroyed or broken down into smaller parts' is no longer accepted.

What are atoms?

• An atom is a particle of matter that uniquely defines a chemical element.
• An atom consists of a central nucleus that is surrounded by one or more electrons.
• Each electron is negatively charged. The nucleus is positively charged, and contains one or more relatively heavy particles known as protons and neutrons.
• A proton is positively charged. The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom is the atomic number for the chemical element.

Atoms are indivisible and cannot be destroyed or broken down into smaller parts. This statement was based on the Law of Conservation of Mass. It was later learnt that atoms can be broken into smaller parts. The chemical reactions involve a separation, combination or rearrangement of atoms.

To learn more about atoms here

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