Respuesta :
Answer: -
1. The weight of an object to change depending on if it is on Earth or the Moon
the acceleration due to gravity.
2. The mass of a mouse is around 22 grams (0.022 kg).
weight of a mouse at sea level on Earth = 0.022 kg x 10 m/s²
= 0.22 N
3. The mass of a mouse is around 22 grams (0.022 kg)
weight of a mouse on the Moon = 0.022 kg x 10 m/s²
= 0.035 N
4. The bottom of a container has an area of 25 cm²
6.5 newtons of water are poured into the container,
The pressure exerted on the bottom = 6.5 N /25 cm²
= 0.26 N/cm²
5. As a fish swims deeper into the ocean, the pressure on its body increases.
6. The weight of a box that creates a pressure of 565 N/cm² when resting on a 15.0 cm² surface = 565 N/cm² x 15.0 cm²
= 8475 N
7. When pressure is applied to a liquid, it will change its _shape__, but not its _volume_____
8. Hydraulic systems work because ___liquids are incompressible __.
9. A hydraulic system is designed to lift cars for inspection in a service station. The narrow end of the system has a surface area of 5.00 cm^2, and the lift platform (the wide end) has a surface area of 725 cm^2. If a force of 81.0 newtons is applied to the narrow end.
Upward lift force will be exerted at the wide end
= [tex] \frac{725 cm2 x 81.0N}{5.00cm2} [/tex]
= 11,745 N
Answer: 1. Natural phenomena such as gravity in which all things with mass or energy are brought towards one another is accurately explained in general theory of relativity, proposed by Albert Einstein in 1913.
But due to simplified way of calculation and sufficiently accurate results, Newton's law of universal gravitation is used. Which in turns is govern by Newton’s second law of motion, according to which force (F) applied is equal to mass (m) in to acceleration (a).
Given by, F=ma
Where “a” is denoted by “g” because acceleration is due to gravity.
Relationship between force and gravity is directly proportional.
As per which the gravity of moon was calculated as 1.62 m/s² and of earth was as 9.81 m/s²
Since; [tex]Gravitational acceleration \alpha \frac{1}{Distance^2}[/tex]
Therefore by inverse law less the distance between the center of the planet to the surface more the gravitational pull, hence more the weight of an object.
Since the size of the earth is greater than the size of the moon, which directly contribute to the distance between the center and surface. The gravity of earth is more than moon, also mentioned above.
Hence, weight of an object will weigh less on moon compared to earth.
For example object weigh bit heavier on polar region compared to equator on earth.
2. As explained in question number 1, phenomena of acceleration due to gravity.
Gravity calculated at sea level is 9.80665 m/s² of earth. Whereas on equator it is 9.832 m/s².
Weight= mass x acceleration due to gravity.
Weight = 0.022 kg x 9.80665 m/s² (since 1 kg=1000 g and gravity at sea level)
Weight = 0.2157463 Newton. (1 kg = 9.80665 Newton)
Therefore weight of the mouse is 0.2157463 N at sea level, approximately 0.22 Newton or 22.44 g.
3. As explained in question number 1, phenomena of acceleration due to gravity.
Gravity of moon is calculated as 1.62 m/s².
Weight= mass x acceleration due to gravity.
Weight = 0.022 kg x 1.62 m/s² (since 1 kg=1000 g and gravity of moon)
Weight = 0.03564 Newton. (1 kg = 9.80665 Newton)
Therefore weight of the mouse is 0.03564 N.
Which is approximately 0.036 Newton or 3.63 g.
4. Pressure upon an area is related to force applied on it, by formula given as;
P=F/A
Where, P: Pressure (pascal), F: Force (newton) and A: surface area (m²).
Since bottom of container is 25 cm². There converting it into meter square.
25 cm² = 0.0025 m² (Since 1 m = 10000 cm²) Therefore, P=6.5/0.0025
P=2600 N/m² = 2.6 N/cm² (Since 1 N/m² = 0.0001)
Therefore the pressure exerted on the bottom is 2.6 N/cm²
5. The change in pressure beneath the ocean or water body is due to hydrostatic pressure. For example any individual carrying a weight on his head would feel a pressure, now replace this weight by the weight of water. You will feel the pressure the deeper you move the volume or mass of water will increase, so is the pressure. This change increases as 14.5 psi for every 10.06 meter deep in ocean.
So as a fish swims deep into the ocean, the pressure on its body increases.
But deep sea organisms or some fish are capable to swim deep below the ocean is due to the fact, as they lack air pocket and their anatomical nature which allows them to swim deep in order to search for prey.
6. Pressure upon an area is related to force applied on it, by formula given as;
P=F/A
Where, P: Pressure (pascal),F: Force (newton) and A: surface area (m²).
Therefore, 565=F/15
F=565 x 15 = 8475 N
Since weight is force applied. The weight of the box is 8475 N.
7. As per the theory on state of matter, the intermolecular forces are strong in solids, medium in liquid and weak in gas. In liquid the molecule or particles have enough energy to partially overcome the interaction created due to intermolecular force but still staying in close contact. This leads to change in shape (taking the shape of object in which it is stored) but have a definite volume. As the particles can move freely and can stay in close contact.
Hence, when pressure is applied to a liquid, it will change its shape, but not its volume.
8. Hydraulic systems work on basic idea, that the force applied on one point is transmitted into another point through incompressible liquid. For example the brakes used in automobile. As per the Pascal’s law the pressure in a closed or confined body of liquid will exert the force equally in all direction. Therefore the pressure is transmitted equally throughout a liquid because the liquid used in hydraulic system is confined.
Gases are compressible. Force is the total work done on a body whereas pressure is the ratio of work done on a unit area of the body.
Therefore the statement 1 and 2 are correct.
9. Pressure is given by the formula as;
P=F/A
Where, P: Pressure (pascal), F: Force (N) and A: surface area (cm²).
Since the pressure is same. F1/A1 = F2/A2
Where; F1= 81 N , A1= 5 cm² , F2= ? and A2=725 cm²
F2= (F1xA2)/A1
F2= (81 x 725)/ 5 = 11745 N
Therefore, 11745 N upward lift force will be exerted at the wide end.
