Question

When scientists artificially alter recordings of speech to resemble regular, repeating sine waves, people typically interpret this as tweeting birds; but when told it is speech, they perceive language elements. this is an example of ____?

Answer 1

This is an example of  "Top-down processing".

Top-down processing alludes to how our brains make utilization of data that has just been brought into the mind by at least one of the sensory systems. Top-down processing is a cognitive procedure that starts with our contemplations, which stream down to lower level capacities, for example, the senses.