The correct answer is: "charters and constitutions place limits on leader's powers"
Charters and Constitutions emerge as supreme laws, because from their provisions the whole legal system of a country is derived, including the bills of rights, appointed as the next step in the democratic process. Constitutions establish the main principles of a certain democratic system such as universal suffrage or social contract. Provisions such as the division of powers limit the amount of power that might be exercised in a state by each of the three branches : legislative, executive and judiciary.
Some of their provisions that pertain to Constitutions had already started to be written down in separated codes in the former step of the democratic process "the first codes of law are written down".
- Option A cannot be true as, by definition, a democractic country follows the rule of law.
- Option C is not true either, because in fact most democratic countries have a representative democracy (citizens elect their representatives as rulers who will make the political decisions for them) instead of a direct one (citizens directly make the political decisions without intermediaries).
- Option D is also wrong. In fact, some of the main democratic principles such as division of powers, universal suffrage and social contract have their origin on the Enlighment ideas which enhanced reason and the scientific method over religious beliefs and superstitions.
