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Valence electrons is an electron that can participate in the formation of a chemical bond.Also, valence electrons have the ability to absord or release energy in the form of a photon. Valence electrons are in the energy level that is farthest aways from the nucleus. The valence electrons are the ones, that in a chemical reaction, are gained, lost or shared.

Valence electrons are termed to be the electrons that are located at the outermost shell of an atom.

The number of valence electrons for an atomic element can be determined by the group into which the atomic element falls in the periodic table with the exception of transition metals located between group 3 - group 12.

Valence electrons are important in chemistry for the determination of the formation of chemical bonding between atoms because they help to explain information about the properties of the atom such as:

  • electronegativity
  • ionization energy
  • electron affinity

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