Question

Which substance will have the largest temperature change if the same amount of heat is added to each of them?ethanol, c2h5oh(l) water, h2o(l) aluminum, al(s) iron, fe(s)?

Answer 1

Answer: Option (d) is the correct answer.

Explanation:

Specific heat is defined as the amount of heat necessary to raise the temperature of a unit mass of substance.

Relation between heat energy, specific heat and temperature change is as follows.

                            q = $m \times C \times \Delta T$

where,       q = heat energy

                  m = mass

                  C = specific heat

             $\Delta T$ = change in temperature

Specific heat of ethanol is 2.46 $J/g ^{o}C$, water is 4.18 $J/g ^{o}C$, Al is 0.902$J/g ^{o}C$, and Fe is 0.450 $J/g ^{o}C$,  

As specific heat is inversely proportional to change in temperature. Therefore, smaller is the value of specific heat more will be the change in temperature.

So, when mass of all the given species is constant. Then change in temperature of iron (Fe) will be the largest because it has the least value of specific heat.

Thus, we can conclude that out of the given options iron (Fe) will have the largest temperature change if the same amount of heat is added to each of them.

Answer 2

The substance that will have the largest temperature change if the same amount of heat is added to each of them is iron

The specific heat capacity of the various substance are:

Specific heat capacity of ethanol = 2.46 J/gºC

Specific heat capacity of water = 4.184 J/gºC

Specific heat capacity of Aluminum = 0.9 J/gºC

Specific heat capacity of iron = 0.45 J/gºC

• Next, we shall determine the relationship between temperature change and specific heat capacity.

Heat = Q

Specific heat capacity = C

Change in temperature = ΔT

Mass = M

Q = MCΔT ........ (1)

Make ΔT the subject of the above formula, we have

$\Delta T = \frac{Q}{MC}$ ......... (2)

• From equation 2, we can see that ΔT and C are in inverse relationship. This simply means that substance with low specific heat capacity will have a larger temperature change and substance with high specific heat capacity will have a lower temperature change.

• Among the substance given from the question, iron has the lowest specific heat capacity (i.e 0.45 J/gºC). Thus, we can conclude that iron will have the largest change in temperature

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