In this case, the option that does not result in a change in the internal energy of the system is:
B) work is done on the surroundings.
Explanation:
1. Work done on the system (Option A) usually results in a change in the internal energy of the system. When work is done on the system, energy is transferred to the system, leading to a change in its internal energy.
2. Heat flowing into the system (Option C) typically results in a change in the internal energy of the system. Heat is a form of energy, and when it flows into the system, it increases the internal energy of the system.
3. Heat flowing to the surroundings (Option D) also usually results in a change in the internal energy of the system. When heat flows out of the system to the surroundings, it decreases the internal energy of the system.
4. Work done on the surroundings (Option B) does not result in a change in the internal energy of the system. When work is done on the surroundings, it does not directly affect the internal energy of the system.
Therefore, the correct answer is Option B) work is done on the surroundings, as it does not result in a change in the internal energy of the system.
