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Alfred Wegener believed Earth's continents once formed a single massive supercontinent called Pangaea. One of the reasons he believed this was due to the evidence of similar fossils and rock formations found on continents that are now widely separated. For example, fossils of the same plant and animal species were discovered on continents that are now distant from each other. Additionally, identical rock layers and geological structures were found on different continents, indicating they were once connected.
These similarities in fossils, rocks, and geological features led Wegener to propose the theory of continental drift, suggesting that the continents were once joined together as Pangaea and later drifted apart to their current positions. This theory laid the foundation for the modern understanding of plate tectonics, which explains the movement of Earth's lithosphere (the outer shell of the Earth) and the formation of continents and oceans over millions of years.
