The historical accounts from the Bible indicate that Jesus was crucified by the Roman authorities. Crucifixion was a form of punishment used by the Romans for criminals, and in Jesus' case, the decision to crucify him was made by Pontius Pilate, the Roman governor of Judea at that time.
In the biblical narrative, it was not a single individual who killed Jesus, but rather the act of crucifixion carried out by Roman soldiers under orders from Pilate. The soldiers nailed Jesus to the cross and raised it, leading to his death through this brutal method of execution. The responsibility for Jesus' crucifixion is often placed on the religious leaders of the time who saw him as a threat to their authority, leading to his trial and subsequent sentence by the Roman authorities.
Therefore, it was the Roman authorities, specifically Pontius Pilate, and the soldiers who physically carried out the crucifixion, who are generally attributed with the responsibility for the death of Jesus on the cross in historical and biblical accounts.
