Active Listening: This involves fully attending to the client, both verbally and nonverbally. Verbal cues like "yes," "uh-huh," or "I see" show the counsellor is following along. Leaning in slightly, nodding, and maintaining an open posture convey attentiveness.
Empathy: This involves trying to understand the client's perspective and feelings from their point of view. Acknowledging the client's feelings without judgment ("It sounds like you're feeling frustrated"). Explaining that similar emotions are common in certain situations ("Many people feel overwhelmed with work at times")
Nonverbal Communication: Counsellors pay attention to and utilize nonverbal cues to understand the client better. Observing frowns, furrowed brows, or tears can provide clues about emotions.
Reflection: This involves rephrasing what the client has said to clarify meaning and promote deeper exploration. Example: Client: "Everything just feels like too much." Counsellor: "You're saying that you're struggling to cope with the demands you're facing right now." (Reflection)
Open-Ended Questions: These questions encourage the client to elaborate on their thoughts and feelings instead of prompting yes/no answers.
Summarizing: This involves briefly restating key points from the conversation to ensure understanding and move the session forward.
Goal Setting: Working collaboratively with the client to identify goals for therapy and create a plan to achieve them.
Feedback: Providing constructive feedback to help the client become more aware of their thoughts and behaviors.
Building Rapport: Establishing a trusting and safe relationship with the client is crucial. This involves warmth, genuineness, and respect.
