Answer:
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Explanation:
An ionic bond forms between sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) to create sodium chloride (NaCl) through a process of electron transfer. Sodium, with an atomic number of 11, has one electron in its outermost electron shell. To achieve a stable electron configuration similar to that of noble gases, sodium tends to lose this outer electron. On the other hand, chlorine, with an atomic number of 17, requires one more electron to complete its outer electron shell and attain a stable configuration.
In the formation of sodium chloride, sodium donates its outer electron to chlorine. As a result, sodium loses a negatively charged electron, becoming a positively charged ion (Na+), while chlorine gains an electron, forming a negatively charged ion (Cl-). The electrostatic attraction between these oppositely charged ions creates the ionic bond. The positively charged sodium ion is attracted to the negatively charged chlorine ion, and they come together to form a stable, electrically neutral compound – sodium chloride (NaCl).
In the resulting NaCl crystal lattice, numerous sodium and chloride ions are arranged in an alternating pattern, creating a three-dimensional structure held together by these strong ionic bonds. The overall charge of the compound is neutral, but the individual ions within the structure maintain their respective positive and negative charges.
