[tex]\bf \sqrt{42}\qquad \boxed{42=2\cdot 3\cdot 7}\implies \sqrt{2\cdot 3\cdot 7}\implies \sqrt{2}\cdot \sqrt{3}\cdot \sqrt{7}[/tex]
now, all those three factors are all irrationals. thus their product is also irrational.
[tex]\bf \sqrt{42}\approx 6.48
\qquad\qquad
\boxed{5}------6--6.48---\boxed{7}[/tex]