Answer:
Whitefield's open-air preaching contributed most directly to (B) Greater independence and diversity of thought.
Explanation:
1. Whitefield's open-air preaching: George Whitefield, an influential preacher during the Great Awakening in the 18th century, was known for his powerful and emotional sermons delivered in open-air settings. He traveled extensively throughout the American colonies, attracting large crowds and spreading his religious message.
2. Impact on independence: Whitefield's open-air preaching challenged the traditional authority of established religious institutions and their control over religious practices. By preaching in public spaces, he encouraged individuals to think for themselves and seek a personal connection with God, rather than relying solely on the teachings of the church.
3. Promotion of diversity of thought: Whitefield's preaching attracted people from various backgrounds, including different social classes and ethnicities. His messages resonated with a wide range of people, leading to increased religious diversity and a greater tolerance for different beliefs and interpretations.
4. Influence on the Enlightenment: Whitefield's open-air preaching coincided with the Enlightenment, an intellectual movement that emphasized reason, individualism, and religious freedom. His preaching style, which emphasized emotional experience and personal choice, aligned with the growing emphasis on individual rights and freedom of thought during this period.
In summary, Whitefield's open-air preaching contributed most directly to greater independence and diversity of thought. By challenging traditional religious institutions and promoting individualism, his preaching fostered a climate of intellectual and religious freedom that aligned with the broader trends of the Enlightenment.
