The most important change that took place during the Neolithic period was that agriculture began to be practiced regularly. The fact that agriculture arose meant that settlements were able to become larger and population grew. As this happened, division of labor became better established and as jobs became more complex and specialized, hierarchies developed. Social hierarchies allowed societies to be more organized, as well as more productive. However, this also led to inequality in terms of wealth and status among the inhabitants of these communities.
