Question

An atom of an element has a total of 12 electrons. An ion of the same element has a total of 10 electrons. Which statement describes the charge and radius of the ion?
1. The ion is positively charged and its radius is smaller than the radius of the atom.
2. The ion is positively charged and its radius is larger than the radius of the atom. 3. The ion is negatively charged and its radius is smaller than the radius of the atom.
4. The ion is negatively charged and its radius is larger than the radius of the atom.

Answer 1

The answer is # 1.

When the atom has less electrons than the original, it means it is less negative because electrons are the negative particles of an atom. Being less negative means that it has a positive charge.

Having less electrons means there are less electrons to orbit the atom, which means it's radius is decreased; this makes the atom looks smaller.

Answer 2

The ion is positively charged and its radius is smaller than the radius of the atom (Option 1)

From the question given above, we obtained:

• Electron of the atom = 12

• Electron of the ion = 10

From the above, it is evident that the atom has lost 2 electrons. This simply means that the ion is having a positive charge.

Since the ion is having a positive charge, it means the ion is smaller than the atom as it has lost 2 electrons. Thus, the atom is bigger than the ion.

Therefore, the can conclude that the radius of the atom is bigger than the radius of the ion.

The correct answer to the question is Option 1.

See attached photo for more details

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