Answer: B. a five-carbon chain with a three-carbon branch on the third carbon in the chain
Explanation:
The IUPAC nomenclature of alkanes are given as follows:
Select the longest possible carbon chain.
For the number of carbon atom, we add prefix as 'meth' for 1, 'eth' for 2, 'prop' for 3, 'but' for 4, 'pent' for 5, 'hex' for 6, 'sept' for 7, 'oct' for 8, 'nona' for 9 and 'deca' for 10.
A suffix '-ane' is added at the end of the name if all the bonds are single.
If two or more similar alkyl groups are present, then the words 'di', 'tri' 'tetra' and so on are used to specify the number of times these alkyl groups appear in the chain.
Hence, the compound 3-propylpentane will have a five carbon chain as the longest chain and the third carbon bears a substituent with three carbon atoms.
