Question

Please help me! What are the theoretical properties of a gas at a temperature of 0 Kelvin?

Answer 1

Answer:

The molecules of the gas will stop moving at all, and the gas will change into solid state

Explanation:

In a gas, the average kinetic energy of the particles is directly proportional to the temperature of the gas, according to the equation (valid for ideal monoatomic gases):

$E_k = \frac{3}{2}kT$

where

Ek is the average kinetic energy of the particles

k is the Boltzmann constant

T is the temperature of the gas in Kelvin

Therefore, we see from the relationship that at 0 K the kinetic energy of the particles will become zero: this means that the particles will not move at all, and also that the gas will actually be a solid, which is the state with lowest energy among the three states of matter.

Of course, 0 K is just an ideal condition, which is not reached in real life.

Answer 2

The temperature $0\,{\text{K}}$ is the absolute zero temperature. At this temperature all the motions of the molecules are seized and the kinetic energy of the molecule becomes zero.

Further Explanation:

The temperature $0\;\text{K}$ is the lowest temperature that could be recorded on the surface of the Earth. This temperature is termed as the absolute zero temperature.

The kinetic energy of the molecules at a particular temperature is given by the expression.

${E_K} = \dfrac{3}{2}kT$     …… (I)                                                                                                      

Here, $E_k$ is the kinetic energy of molecules, $k$ is the Boltzmann’s constant and   is the temperature of the molecule.

At  $0\;\text{K},$ the kinetic energy of all the molecules becomes zero it means there is no motion contained by the molecule at this temperature.

At absolute zero temperature, there is no motion in the gas molecule. It means that the gas is in the solid state and this state if the gas is the state of lowest energy in all the three states of matter.

Learn More:

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Answer Details:

Grade: High School

Chapter: Kinetic theory of gases

Subject: Physics

Keywords: Kinetic theory of gases, theoretical properties, zero kelvin, absolute zero temperature, zero kinetic energy, gas molecules.