I am not very familiar with sea breezes but i can answer some of your questions.Β
Radiation in this context is referring to IR (infrared radiation) which is emitted from hot objects and travels out in all directions at the speed of light and can travel through a vacuum. This is why you feel heat from the sun on earth.Β
Conduction is caused by vibrations of particles largely in solids, especially metals which conduct heat well. Particles vibrate when they are heated and they pass on these vibrations to neighbouring particles. This is why the handle of a spoon heats up when you are eating hot soup.
Convection is the upwards movement of hot air which is less dense than cold air and the downwards movement of cold air which is less dense than hot air. Convection currents cause energy from a heat source to travel upwards.
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