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Read the following excerpt. Others argue the reason higher education costs have increased is the accessibility of large government grants and loans such as Pell Grants and Guaranteed Student loans. These create an impression that students have ways to afford the costs and higher education institutions don’t have much incentive to cut costs. Based on the excerpt, student loans contribute to higher college costs by convincing colleges that students can afford the costs. by convincing students that loans are always available. by convincing colleges to loan money to students. by convincing students to take out loans they do not need.