When a carbon atom bonds with one s-orbital and two p orbitals, it becomes sp2 hybridised. Between the three atoms, two single bonds and one double bond are formed. The hybrid orbitals are arranged in a triangle with bonds at 120° angles.
Four sp3 orbitals are created when the 2s and all three of the 2p orbitals of carbon combine. Through an overlap of the sp3 and s orbitals, these orbitals subsequently form a link with four hydrogen atoms to form methane.
Carbon consists of six electrons. In the 1s orbital, just outside the nucleus, there will be two of them. The following two will enter the orbital phase 2s. The rest will be split into two distinct 2p orbitals.
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