Hops, flowers of humulus lupulus provides beer with its characteristic bitter flavor.
Hops are the flowers, or cones, of a plant called humulus lupulus. Hops help to keep beer fresher, longer; help beer retain its head of foam—a key component of a beer's aroma and flavor; and, of course, add “hoppy” aroma, flavor, and bitterness.
A hop resin called alpha acid gives beer its bitterness. The oils give certain beer styles, like pale ales, their floral, citrusy, hoppy aromas. When hops are boiled, the alpha acid undergoes some chemical changes that allows it to bitter the beer.
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