When energy intake exceeds energy expenditure, a state of positive energy balance occurs and the consequence is an increase in body mass, of which 60 to 80 percent is typically body fat.
Resting energy expenditure is the amount of energy the body needs to maintain normal physiological functions in order to survive. It is also known as the resting metabolic rate of the body. BMR refers to the amount of energy your body needs to maintain homeostasis. Your BMR is largely determined by your total lean mass, especially muscle mass, because lean mass requires a lot of energy to maintain. The energy expended by physical activity is the most variable part of energy needs. It will vary from person to person and even from day to day for an individual depending on their activities for the day. Depending on activity levels, energy needs can increase by 20-50% of BMR.
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