A lack of education or understanding. While a lack of education or understanding can be a contributing factor to in-group/out-group bias and discrimination, it is not an explanation or consequence of it.
Discrimination is the unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people or things, especially on the grounds of race, age, or sex. It can also refer to the unfair treatment of individuals based on their beliefs, values, or membership in a particular group. Discrimination can take many forms, including direct and indirect, as well as intentional and unintentional. It can involve the denial of access to goods, services, or opportunities; the imposition of unfair terms and conditions; or the imposition of different standards or requirements. It can also be expressed through overt acts such as harassment, violence, or verbal abuse.
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