As a sound source approaches the listener the loudness increases , and as a sound source recedes from the listener the loudness decreases.
Signals from the left and right ears begin concurrently if the sound is directly in front of the listener and so reaches both the left and right ears at the same time.
Each signal excites a different neuron as it moves along its axon. The subcortical auditory pathways in the brainstem and thalamus send information to a network of locations in the brain called the auditory cortex. The amplitude (intensity), frequency, and phase of sound are its three physical dimensions.
The size of the pressure shift is known as amplitude. The frequency of a pressure shift is the number of cycles per unit of time. Hertz is the term for the number of cycles per second for time in seconds (Hz).
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