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A temperate phage can infect a cell using either the virion-productive or lysogenic cycles, depending on whether it uses the metabolism of its host to make new virions or replicates its genome alongside the host without doing so.
The lysogenic life cycle of temperate bacteriophages necessitates the integration of their viral genome into the bacterial chromosome. Violent bacteriophages, on the other hand, promptly create offspring and lyse the host cell. It has been demonstrated that temperate phages alter the metabolic processes of the bacterial host and interfere with cell-to-cell communication. Prophages' ability to engineer the bacterial host genome has a positive effect on the functions of bacterial cells [77]. A virulent phage is one that, after completing the above-mentioned five phases of replication, invariably lyses the host cell. The replication lytic cycle is what's known as this. There are additional viruses called temperate phage, which have two choices for reproduction.
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