The reason that did not led to the decline of open-range cattle ranching at the end of the nineteenth century was: Federal recognition of American Indian land claims.
Ranching is the practice of raising the cattle and farm animals over large pieces of land. These animals are usually the grazing animals and hence large tracts of land are required. Over-grazing and need for the crop production led to an end of the cattle ranching.
Federal recognition was the recognition of the rights of Indian tribe by the U.S. government for their sovereign entity. Federal recognition means that the region can be considered as politically in a "domestic dependent nation" status.
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