The direct energy source that drives ATP synthesis during respiratory oxidative phosphorylation is a difference of concentration on the opposite sides of the inner mitochondrial membrane.
The ETS in the mitochondria is used for the transport of electrons and hydronium ions from inner mitochondrial membrane to the inter membrane matrix of mitochondria. Due to this the concentration of hydronium ions increases in the intermembrane matrix. The ATP synthase complex which is present in the inner membrane of the mitochondria are used for the synthesis of ATP. The complex is used to transport hydronium ions from the intermembrane matrix down its concentration gradient For every 2 hydronium ions transported through the complex one molecule of ATP is generated. Therefore the transport of the H+ ions due the difference in the concentration provides direct energy for the formation of ATP.
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