According to Cialdini et al., descriptive social norms specify which behaviors are the most common and expected in particular situations, while injunctive social norms specify which behaviors are acceptable or unacceptable. 1990.
The perception of how people actually act is what is meant to be called a descriptive norm. A descriptive norm, for instance, might be: "If you ask a teenager about how their parents handle alcohol, my parents rarely consume alcohol. For this situation, the teen is portraying the way that they think their folks really act.
The typical patterns of behavior that are described by descriptive norms are typically accompanied by the expectation that people will act in accordance with the pattern. Prescriptive or proscriptive rules that specify the kind of behavior that people should or shouldn't engage in are known as injunctive norms.
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