Deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates are used by DNA Polymerase I; the leaving group is pyrophosphate.
DNA ligase uses DNA-adenylate as a reaction partner; AMP is the leaving group. AMP is linked to the 5'-phosphoryl group. With the tyrosine residue of the enzyme serving as the leaving group, topoisomerase I uses a DNA-tyrosyl intermediate (5'-phosphoryl group connected to the phenolic OH group).
By incorporating deoxynucleoside triphosphate onto the lengthening polynucleotide chain, DNA polymerase catalyzes the creation of the phosphodiester bond. Every time the chain is extended by one deoxyribonucleotide during this sequential process, one pyrophosphate molecule is released.
The phosphodiester bond between DNA single strands in the duplex form is created by DNA ligases.
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