The difference between the light speed in a substance and the speed for light in a vacuum is the index of refraction.A index of refraction = 1.490 is obtained by dividing 2.997 times 10 to the eighth meters per second by 2.012 times 10 to the eighth meters per second.
Index of refraction also is equal to the speed of a specific wavelength of light in a vacuum, or c/v, and the speed of the same light in a material, or v/c.
The refractive index of glass is 1.5.This indicates that light's speed in glass is just not independent on light color and therefore is 1.5 times slower than that in a vacuum.
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