In the experiment, 1.25 g of sodium bicarbonate and 1.25 g of citric acid are react. the limiting reactant is sodium bicarbonate.
the reaction is given as :
3NHCO₃ + H₃C₆H₅O₇ ---> 3CO₂ + 3H₂O+ Na₃C₆H₅O₇
mass of sodium bicarbonate, NHCO₃ = 1.25 g
molar mass of NHCO₃ = 84 g/mol
moles of the NHCO₃ = mass / molar mass
= 0.0148 mol
mass of citric acid = 1.25 g
molar mass of H₃C₆H₅O₇ = 192.12 g/mol
moles of citric acid = 1.25 / 192.12
= 0.0065 mol
1 mole of H₃C₆H₅O₇ react with 3 mole of NHCO₃
mole of NHCO₃ = 3 × 0.0065
= 0.0195 mol
thus we have only 0.0148 mol of NHCO₃ , therefore sodium bicarbonate is the limiting reactant.
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