If species A and species B are in the same family, and species C is in a different family, and if the classification accurately reflects phylogeny, then you can infer that species A and species B are more closely related to each other than either is to species C.
Classification is a way of organizing organisms into groups based on their evolutionary relationships. When two species are in the same family, it indicates that they have a more recent common ancestor than either would with a species in a different family. This is because the classification of similar species into genera and the classification of similar genera into families reflects the phylogeny of the organisms.
By examining the classification of species, we can better understand their evolutionary history.
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