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One of the following gases, helium, serves as an illustration of a perfect gas.
Helium (He) is a chemical element and noble gas in Group 18 of the periodic chart. Helium is the second-lightest element after hydrogen, a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas that turns into a liquid at 268.9 °C (452 °F).
The element helium was first identified in the gaseous environment around the Sun by the French astronomer Pierre Janssen, who noticed a bright yellow line in the solar chromosphere's spectrum during an eclipse in 1868. At first, this line was thought to be the element sodium. The D3 line was discovered in the solar spectrum by English astronomer Joseph Norman Lockyer in the same year. This yellow line did not match the known D1 or D2 lines of sodium, thus Lockyer gave it this name.
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