Each way of assessing a patient's symptoms is matched with its description accordingly:
1. Interview - The psychologist asks the patient about her symptoms and about recent incidents that may have caused the condition.
2. Observations - The psychologist evaluates the patient's behavior, including the degree of eye contact and behavior around others.
3. Self-report - The client fills out a questionnaire to identify symptoms and causes of distress.
4. Psychological Testing - The patient completes actions, such as simulating a picture, that require abilities such as planning, coordinating, or recalling.
The distinction between sign and symptom might be difficult to discern in clinical psychology. Signs are visible manifestations of a condition, whereas symptoms are self-reports of a disorder's physical or psychological consequences.
The primary distinction between signs and symptoms is who witnesses the effect. A rash, for example, might be a sign, a symptom, or both: A rash is a symptom if the patient observes it. It is a symptom if the doctor, nurse, or anybody other than the patient observes the rash.
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