Dehydration of 3-methyl cyclohexanol would yield two products: 3-methyl cyclohexene and 3-methyl cyclohexanone. The product that would predominate would be 3-methyl cyclohexene.
This is due to the fact that the reaction of dehydration proceeds through an E1 mechanism, which favors the formation of the more substituted alkene due to an energy difference between the two products. The reaction would look like this:
3-methylcyclohexanol -> 3-methylcyclohexene + H₂O.
The dehydration of alcohol proceeds with the formation of a carbocation intermediate, which is stabilized by the presence of the methyl group on the cyclohexane ring.
This stabilization allows for the formation of the more substituted alkene, which has lower energy than the other product.
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