From one person or organism to another, the number of repetitions varies greatly. Between individuals, there are large differences in the repeating DNA sequence.
Short tandem repeats (STRs), sometimes referred to as microsatellites or simple sequence repeats, are short tandemly repeated DNA sequences that have a repetitive unit of 1-6 bp and can be arranged in series of up to 100 nucleotides in length. Prokaryotes and eukaryotes, including humans, frequently include STRs.
The ability to identify the male component even in extreme mixtures of male and female DNA is the main benefit of the Y-STR approach.
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