The method would astronomers use to find the distance to a galaxy so far away that individual stars are impossible to make out (resolve) is finding the redshift .
A manifestation of the Doppler Effect is redshift. The sound or light waves that are released by an object as it moves away from us are stretched out, which lowers their pitch and causes them to migrate towards the red end of the electromagnetic spectrum, where light has a longer wavelength.
An important topic for astronomers is "red shift." The term can be taken literally; when the light's wavelength is stretched, the light is perceived as having "shifted" toward the red portion of the spectrum. When a source of sound moves in relation to an observer, sound waves experience a similar phenomenon.
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